20 sessions · 30 minutes each · 4 weeks at your own pace · Track A or Track B, chosen at enrolment
WEEK 1 OF 4 · CLOUD CONCEPTS · SESSIONS 1–5
This week’s assessments: Pop Quiz 1 — Cloud Basics after Session 3 · Practice Exam 1 — Cloud Concepts after Session 5
Every session: the exact names Microsoft uses · one assignment marked against a published rubric · pass mark 70 · Certificate: capstone at 70+ and the marked Final at 700+
A · Describe cloud concepts · 25–30%SESSION 1
What cloud computing is, and who is responsible for what
Session 1 of 20 · 30-minute session
Skills measured — Microsoft’s wording
Define cloud computing
Describe the shared responsibility model
Why This Matters
Every AZ-900 question rests on two ideas you meet today: what cloud computing is, in Microsoft's own words, and the shared responsibility model, which says who looks after what once a workload leaves your building. I have watched candidates lose easy marks by assuming the cloud hands everything to Microsoft. It does not. Your data, devices and accounts stay yours in every model. At work, this is how you answer a manager who asks, "If we move payroll to the cloud, who patches it?" You will also learn how this course works and how I mark it.
The 30-Minute Session
0:00 – 5:00
How this course works
Twenty 30-minute sessions over four weeks, each building only on earlier ones.
Two tracks. Track A uses your own Azure account. Track B needs no payment card and uses Microsoft's public pages. I mark both against the same rubric.
The exact names. Each session's names box lists the names the exam uses, checked against Microsoft's pages and collected on the printable cheat sheet. Learn them letter for letter.
Assignments. One per session, about an organisation you know, marked by me against the published rubric. The pass mark is 70, and work without evidence is capped at 70 percent. Follow the submission instructions under each assignment.
Papers. Pop quizzes and practice exams open at set points. The marked Final has 40 questions in 45 minutes, scored out of 1000, with 700 to pass: the bar Microsoft sets for the real exam. The certificate needs that plus your Session 20 capstone at 70 or above.
Help. Coach Ritchie, the AI assistant, helps you think at any hour, but never marks or writes your work. For anything else, use the "Ask R. Wingo" tab; I answer three questions a day. Report a blocker the same day.
Read the names box before the quiz, not after it.
5:00 – 10:00
What cloud computing is
An analogy: most organisations draw electricity from the grid and pay for what they use, rather than running a power station. Cloud computing does the same for IT.
Learn's definition is short, and worth learning exactly.
THE EXAM LINE
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet. Learn's examples: virtual machines, storage, databases and networking, plus IoT, machine learning and AI.
In Learn's example, a retail team adds capacity for a seasonal launch and scales down afterwards, instead of buying servers months ahead: on-demand provisioning replaces long procurement cycles.
If an answer defines cloud computing as buying hardware, it is wrong.
10:00 – 18:00
The shared responsibility model
On-premises, everything is your job. The shared responsibility model splits duties between the provider and you, like renting a flat: the landlord maintains the building, but you lock the door and decide who gets a key.
Always yours, according to Learn: the information and data you store; the devices allowed to connect; and the accounts and identities in your environment. Always the provider's: the physical datacenter, the physical network and the physical hosts.
Depends on the service type: operating systems, network controls, applications, identity and access, and infrastructure. Learn's example: with a cloud SQL database the provider maintains the database, but if you install SQL on your own virtual machine, you patch it too.
Responsibility area
On-premises
IaaS
PaaS
SaaS
Customer data
Customer
Customer
Customer
Customer
Identities and users
Customer
Customer
Customer
Customer
Client devices
Customer
Customer
Customer
Shared
Applications
Customer
Customer
Shared
Shared
Network controls
Customer
Customer
Shared
Microsoft
Operating system
Customer
Customer
Microsoft
Microsoft
Physical hosts, network, datacenter
Customer
Microsoft
Microsoft
Microsoft
THE EXAM LINE
IaaS leaves the most responsibility with you and SaaS the least, with PaaS in between. In every model, your data, your devices, and your accounts and identities stay yours.
The table follows Microsoft's Shared responsibility in the cloud matrix. Trap: client devices are "Shared" under SaaS, yet endpoint protection stays yours.
If an answer says SaaS makes Microsoft responsible for your data, cross it out.
18:00 – 26:00
Hands-on: the safety net goes up first
House rule: Track A creates nothing until a budget alert exists.
TRACK A · YOUR AZURE ACCOUNT
Get a subscription. Use Try Azure for free on Azure's account page (it asks for a phone number, a non-prepaid card, and a Microsoft or GitHub account), or a subscription you already control, never an employer's without written permission. A new Azure free account has a spending limit on by default.
Create a budget. Search for Subscriptions, select yours, then select Budgets and Add. In Create budget, confirm the scope, name the budget, choose a reset period such as Monthly, set an expiration date and a small amount, then select Next. Add thresholds (% of budget) with your email, using Type to create one Actual and one Forecasted alert, and finish. Take a screenshot.
Know its limits. Learn says resources aren't affected and consumption isn't stopped when a threshold is exceeded. At the time of writing, Learn also says a new subscription can wait up to 48 hours for all Cost Management features, and lists Azure for Students as unsupported. If Budgets is unavailable, create nothing and tell me the same day.
TRACK B · NO PAYMENT CARD
Open the Learn unit Describe the shared responsibility model and screenshot its diagram with the page address visible.
Read the responsibility matrix on Microsoft's Shared responsibility in the cloud page.
Read Learn's Create and manage budgets tutorial: a budget alerts rather than stops spending. You cannot create one without a subscription, so do not pretend to.
Budgets belong to Microsoft Cost Management, Microsoft's suite of FinOps tools, which you reach through the portal's Cost Management + Billing area. Week 3 covers both properly.
Set the alert while nothing is running, because the day you need it is the day you would have forgotten.
26:00 – 30:00
Wrap-up and your assignment
Write down Learn's definition of cloud computing, the three things that are always yours, the three that are always the provider's, and the five that depend on the service type.
THE EXAM LINE
What depends on the service type: operating systems, network controls, applications, identity and access, and infrastructure. The physical datacenter, network and hosts are always the provider's.
Your assignment is a responsibility matrix for three real workloads that differ, for example staff email, an office server and the public website. Decide each workload's model before you fill in a single cell.
Name the model first. The model decides the answers.
The exact names
As Microsoft prints them — the exam and the marker both expect these, letter for letter.
The delivery of computing services, such as storage and virtual machines, over the internet.
Shared responsibility model
The split of duties between provider and customer, which changes with the service type.
On-premises
IT run in a datacenter you own, where every responsibility is yours.
Budget alert
An email sent when actual or forecasted cost reaches your threshold. It does not stop spending.
Self-Check — Before You Submit
1. Which responsibility stays with the customer in every cloud service type?
A. The physical network
B. Operating system patching
C. The information and data stored in the cloud
D. The physical hosts
C. The information and data stored in the cloud — Learn lists data, devices, and accounts and identities as always the customer's. Operating system patching is tempting, but it moves to the provider under PaaS and SaaS.
2. A hospital moves staff email to a SaaS product. Its IT manager says the provider now fully controls which devices may connect. Is that right?
A. Yes, SaaS makes the provider responsible for everything
B. No, devices allowed to connect remain the customer's responsibility
C. Yes, but only for mobile phones
D. No, devices are only the customer's concern under IaaS
B. No, devices allowed to connect remain the customer's responsibility — Learn lists devices allowed to connect as always the customer's. Microsoft's matrix shows client devices as shared under SaaS, but endpoint protection stays with the customer.
3. Which definition of cloud computing matches Microsoft Learn?
A. The delivery of computing services over the internet
B. Buying servers and housing them in a partner's building
C. Running virtual machines on hardware you own
D. Renting software licences for office computers
A. The delivery of computing services over the internet — Learn defines cloud computing as the delivery of computing services over the internet. Servers you bought, wherever they are housed, are still your own infrastructure.
Today’s Assignment
Build a responsibility matrix for three real workloads at an organisation you know, and explain who is responsible for what.
Describe three workloads at an organisation you know, marking any assumptions.
Classify each as on-premises datacenter, infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) or software as a service (SaaS), with one sentence of reasoning.
Build a matrix with the workloads as columns and these rows: customer data; identities and users; client devices; applications; network controls; operating system; physical hosts, network and datacenter. In each cell write Customer, Provider or Shared, following Microsoft's matrix.
Explain which responsibilities the organisation keeps under the shared responsibility model whatever it chooses, and one risk it would face if it assumed the provider covered one of them.
Say which workload you would move first and how its split would change. Write 300–700 words, using the exact names from the names box.
Evidence to include
Track A: a screenshot of your budget showing its amount, reset period and actual and forecasted alerts.
Track B: a screenshot of the Learn shared responsibility diagram with the page address visible.
Names your answer must use exactly shared responsibility modelon-premises datacenterinfrastructure as a service (IaaS)platform as a service (PaaS)software as a service (SaaS)
Track B Track B students build the same matrix from the Learn diagram and Microsoft's Shared responsibility in the cloud page, and submit the diagram screenshot in place of the budget.
How this is marked — the rubric
Every matrix cell matches Microsoft's responsibility matrix for the model chosen
35
Each model is justified, and the always-customer responsibilities and the risk are correct
25
Uses the exact names from the names box, spelled and capitalised as Microsoft prints them
20
Evidence: the screenshot shows the budget and alerts (A) or the Learn diagram with its address (B)
20
Total · pass mark 70
100
Submitting session 1 Write your answer in Word or Google Docs, with your screenshots pasted in. The top of the document must carry the line Session: 1 (the template has it ready, under the Course line), or the submission is refused. Upload the Word file (.docx), or switch to the Google Doc tab and paste your document’s share link.
Marked against the rubric above and returned as a written letter by email; the mark appears on your progress page. Do the self-check above before you submit.
Public, private and hybrid cloud, and when to use each
Session 2 of 20 · 30-minute session
Skills measured — Microsoft’s wording
Define cloud models, including public, private, and hybrid
Identify appropriate use cases for each cloud model
Why This Matters
Microsoft tests cloud models through short scenarios: an organisation with a rule, a constraint or a spike in demand. The definitions are simple, and the traps are in the detail. A private cloud does not have to sit in your own building, and a hybrid cloud is more than having some things in the cloud, because its parts are connected. At work, this is the first question in almost any migration plan: what can go public, what must stay private, and how will the two connect? Today you learn Microsoft's definitions, compare them, and practise choosing.
The 30-Minute Session
0:00 – 7:00
Three cloud models, in Microsoft's words
Learn says cloud models define the deployment type of cloud resources, and it names three: private, public and hybrid. An analogy: owning a car (private), taking the bus (public), and owning a car but hiring a minibus for family trips (hybrid).
Private cloud: a cloud environment used by a single entity. It gives much greater control, but at greater cost and with fewer of the public cloud's benefits. It may be hosted on-site or in a dedicated offsite datacenter, potentially even by a third party.
Public cloud: built, controlled and maintained by a third-party provider, and open to anyone who wants to buy its services. Learn calls this general public availability a key difference from private cloud.
Hybrid cloud: a computing environment that uses both public and private clouds in an inter-connected environment.
THE EXAM LINE
A private cloud is used by a single entity, wherever it is hosted, even offsite by a third party. Private does not mean on-premises.
"Single organisation" or "dedicated" in a scenario points to private, whatever the location.
7:00 – 14:00
Comparing them side by side
Model
Strengths Learn lists
Limits Learn lists
Public cloud
No capital expenditures to scale up; quick provisioning and deprovisioning; you pay only for what you use
You don't have complete control over resources and security
Private cloud
Complete control over resources and security; data isn't collocated with other tenants' data
Hardware must be purchased; you maintain and update it
Hybrid cloud
The most flexibility; you decide where applications run; you control security, compliance and legal requirements
None listed. My note: you run two environments and the link between them
Read it as trade-offs. Public cloud trades control for speed and no up-front hardware. Private cloud trades cost for control. Hybrid lets each workload sit where it fits best.
Learn names two uses for hybrid. A private cloud can surge into public cloud resources for increased, temporary demand. And hybrid adds a layer of security, because you choose which services stay in the public cloud and which go to private infrastructure.
THE EXAM LINE
Hybrid means public and private clouds in an inter-connected environment. Learn's two uses: surging into public resources for temporary demand, and choosing which services stay private.
A temporary spike on top of existing private infrastructure usually means hybrid.
14:00 – 19:00
Multicloud, Azure Arc and Azure VMware Solution
Learn adds a fourth, increasingly likely scenario: multicloud. You use several public cloud providers, perhaps for different features or during a move from one to another, and manage resources and security in each.
Trap: hybrid mixes public and private, while multicloud means two or more public providers. An organisation can be both.
Azure Arc is a set of technologies that helps you manage your cloud environment, whether it is Azure, a private datacenter, hybrid or multicloud. Learn's overview describes projecting non-Azure and on-premises resources into Azure Resource Manager. Session 17 covers it in depth.
Azure VMware Solution lets an organisation already running VMware in a private cloud run those workloads in Azure as it moves to public or hybrid cloud.
Arc manages resources wherever they are; VMware Solution runs VMware workloads in Azure.
19:00 – 26:00
Hands-on: choosing a model
Scenario (illustrative)
Model
Deciding Learn wording
A logistics start-up with no hardware wants to launch in weeks and pay only for use
Public
No capital expenditures to scale up
A Lagos bank must keep one system's data apart from other organisations' data, with full security control
Private
Data isn't collocated with other tenants' data
A manufacturer's datacenter copes all year except for a two-week peak
Hybrid
Surge for increased, temporary demand
A retailer uses one public provider and is migrating from another
Multicloud
Multiple public cloud providers
Cover the last two columns and decide each scenario yourself first. Then write one line per scenario naming the phrase that pointed you to the model.
TRACK A · YOUR AZURE ACCOUNT
In the portal, select Resource groups, then Create, and open the Region list: these are Azure locations in Microsoft's public cloud. Screenshot it and close the page without creating anything.
Search for Azure Arc and open the page Learn calls Machines - Azure Arc. It will be empty; this is where connected servers from outside Azure would appear. Screenshot it, and do not onboard anything.
TRACK B · NO PAYMENT CARD
Screenshot the comparison table in the Learn unit Define cloud models, with the address visible.
Read Learn's What is Azure Arc-enabled servers?, which describes managing machines hosted outside of Azure, on your corporate network or with another cloud provider. Write that idea in one sentence.
Underline the constraint first. The constraint, not the industry, decides the model.
26:00 – 30:00
Wrap-up and your assignment
Write down a one-line definition of each model, the key difference between public and private, Learn's two uses for hybrid, and how multicloud differs from hybrid.
THE EXAM LINE
Multicloud uses two or more public providers. Azure Arc helps manage resources across Azure, your datacenter, and hybrid and multicloud environments.
Your assignment classifies one real need at each of five organisations you know. Quote Learn's wording: "because it's cheaper" earns little, but "no capital expenditures to scale up" earns the mark.
A good justification links one phrase in the need to one phrase in the definition.
The exact names
As Microsoft prints them — the exam and the marker both expect these, letter for letter.
public cloud
concept
Third-party cloud that anyone can buy services from.
The deployment type of cloud resources: private, public or hybrid.
Tenant
One customer of a shared cloud. In a private cloud, your data isn't collocated with other tenants' data.
Surge
Using public cloud resources when temporary demand exceeds what a private cloud can handle.
Multicloud
Using more than one public cloud provider at the same time.
Self-Check — Before You Submit
1. A hospital runs patient systems in its own private cloud. For a six-week campaign, demand triples, and it wants extra capacity connected to existing systems for that period only. Which model fits?
A. Private cloud, by buying servers
B. Public cloud only
C. Hybrid cloud
D. Multicloud
C. Hybrid cloud — Learn says hybrid lets a private cloud surge into public resources for temporary demand. Multicloud is tempting, but it means several public providers, not public plus private.
2. Which statement about a private cloud matches Learn?
A. It can be hosted offsite, even by a third party
B. It must be in the organisation's own building
C. Anyone can buy services from it
D. It needs no hardware purchase
A. It can be hosted offsite, even by a third party — Learn says a private cloud may be hosted on-site or offsite, potentially by a third party. What makes it private is use by a single entity.
3. What does Learn call a key difference between public and private clouds?
A. The price per hour
B. The general public availability
C. The number of regions
D. Whether virtual machines are used
B. The general public availability — Learn names general public availability as a key difference. Price and regions vary between providers but do not define the model.
Today’s Assignment
Classify one real need at each of five organisations you know to a cloud model, and justify each with Learn's wording.
Choose five organisations you know, from at least three sectors, and describe one real IT need at each in two or three sentences. Mark any assumptions.
Classify each need as public cloud, private cloud or hybrid cloud. You may use multicloud once, if that organisation really uses several public providers.
Justify each in three to five sentences, quoting Learn's definitions or comparison table and naming the constraint that decided it.
Explain your closest call and what would change it. Where managing machines outside Azure matters, say how Azure Arc would help.
Write 300–700 words, using the exact names from the names box.
Evidence to include
Track A: screenshots of the portal Region list and the empty Azure Arc machines page.
Track B: a screenshot of the Learn comparison table with the address visible.
Both tracks: a summary table showing each organisation, need, model and the Learn phrase you used.
Names your answer must use exactly public cloudprivate cloudhybrid cloudmulticloudAzure Arc
Track B Track B students do the same classification from the Learn unit and the Azure Arc-enabled servers page, and submit the comparison-table screenshot.
How this is marked — the rubric
Each need is classified to the model that best fits Microsoft's definitions
35
Each justification quotes Learn and names the deciding constraint; the closest call is explained
25
Uses the exact names from the names box, spelled and capitalised as Microsoft prints them
20
Evidence: the screenshots and the summary table are present and legible
20
Total · pass mark 70
100
Submitting session 2 Write your answer in Word or Google Docs, with your screenshots pasted in. The top of the document must carry the line Session: 2 (the template has it ready, under the Course line), or the submission is refused. Upload the Word file (.docx), or switch to the Google Doc tab and paste your document’s share link.
Marked against the rubric above and returned as a written letter by email; the mark appears on your progress page. Do the self-check above before you submit.
Skills Covered
Public, private, hybridChoose a cloud modelMulticloud vs hybridRecognise Azure Arc
Paying for cloud: consumption-based model, pricing models, serverless
Session 3 of 20 · 30-minute session
Skills measured — Microsoft’s wording
Describe the consumption-based model
Compare cloud pricing models
Describe serverless
Why This Matters
Money drives cloud decisions, and it is a steady source of AZ-900 questions. Today you learn why cloud spending is an operational expense, how Azure's main pricing options differ, and what serverless really means. I have seen candidates mix up a reservation and a savings plan and lose a mark they understood in principle. At work, you will be asked which option saves money, and you should answer with an estimate rather than a guess. So today you build one in Microsoft's public pricing calculator. This session also opens your first short paper.
The 30-Minute Session
0:00 – 6:00
The consumption-based model: CapEx and OpEx
An analogy: buying a generator is a one-off purchase you must size in advance, while the electricity bill follows what you use. Learn's terms are capital expenditure (CapEx), meaning up-front spending on servers, network hardware and datacenter space, and operational expenditure (OpEx), meaning ongoing spending on services over time.
Cloud computing operates on a consumption-based model: you pay for the IT resources you use, and nothing more. Because you pay as you consume, Learn classifies cloud computing as an operational expense.
Learn lists the benefits: no up-front hardware costs, no idle capacity to buy and manage, and the ability to add resources as demand rises and release them as it falls. A traditional datacenter forces you to guess capacity in advance. The cloud lets you scale out at peak and back in afterwards.
THE EXAM LINE
Cloud computing is OpEx because you pay as you consume. Buying servers and datacenter space is CapEx.
"No up-front cost" in a scenario points to OpEx and the consumption-based model.
6:00 – 14:00
Comparing cloud pricing models
Learn's unit names pay-as-you-go: you typically pay only for the services you consume. Azure's pricing page and Learn's billing documentation describe the other options you should be able to compare.
Option
How it works, per Microsoft
Fits when
Pay-as-you-go
Pay for what you consume, with no commitment
Usage is new, short or unpredictable
Azure Reservations
A one-year or three-year commitment that gives a billing discount on matching resources; you pay up front or monthly
A specific resource, size and region runs steadily
Savings plan for compute
A fixed hourly spend commitment for one or three years, applied automatically to eligible usage across services and regions
Spend is steady, but sizes, services or regions change
Azure Spot Virtual Machines
Unused Azure capacity at a significant saving; the VM can be evicted when Azure needs the capacity back, and there is no SLA
The work tolerates interruption, such as batch jobs or dev/test
Learn says reservations and savings plans are billing offers that don't affect the runtime state of your resources. With a savings plan, any commitment you don't use in an hour expires and does not roll over.
THE EXAM LINE
Reservations tie a discount to a specific resource, size and region. Savings plans commit to an hourly spend across eligible services and regions. Spot VMs can be evicted and have no SLA.
The pricing page also lists Azure Hybrid Benefit, which applies existing Windows Server or SQL Server licences or a Linux subscription, and dev/test pricing. Recognise both names. Trap: Spot sounds cheapest, and it is wrong for any workload that must not be interrupted.
Ask whether the workload runs steadily and whether it can be interrupted; those two answers usually decide the option.
14:00 – 19:00
Serverless
Azure's cloud computing dictionary calls serverless computing a cloud execution model that removes the need to manage servers. The servers still exist, but running them is not your job.
Azure Functions is Learn's example: event-driven, serverless compute with no virtual machines or containers for you to maintain. A trigger, such as a REST request, a timer or a message, wakes the function. Learn calls functions a key component of serverless computing.
Billing follows use. Learn says Azure deallocates resources when the function finishes and charges only for the CPU time used while it runs. The Functions overview recommends the Flex Consumption plan, with pay-as-you-go billing, and calls the older Consumption plan legacy.
THE EXAM LINE
Serverless: you don't manage servers, events trigger the code, it scales with demand, and you pay for what runs. Name Azure Functions.
Serverless is the consumption-based model taken to its limit.
19:00 – 26:00
Hands-on: price one workload two ways
Both tracks use the public Azure pricing calculator. Learn says it shows retail costs, and that logging in also shows your negotiated prices.
Pick a workload you know that could run on a virtual machine. In the product picker, add Virtual Machines and set the region, operating system and size. Record the pay-as-you-go estimate, switch the same configuration to a reservation, and record it again, noting any upfront and monthly split.
Use Export to download an Excel file or Share to create a link. Screenshot both configurations with their totals.
TRACK A · YOUR AZURE ACCOUNT
Run the calculator while logged in. Then open Budgets and confirm your Session 1 budget is still there and has not alerted. Take a screenshot.
TRACK B · NO PAYMENT CARD
Run the calculator without logging in; retail prices are exactly what you need. Then read the purchase options on Azure's public Linux Virtual Machines pricing page and screenshot it with the address visible.
Change one setting at a time so you know what moved the number.
26:00 – 30:00
Wrap-up, Pop Quiz 1 and your assignment
Write down CapEx and OpEx, the four pricing options and when each fits, and a definition of serverless with its example.
Pop Quiz 1 opens now: five questions in eight minutes on Sessions 1 to 3. Sit it closed book before you start the assignment.
Your assignment is the costed comparison you have just started. Every figure must come from your own dated screenshots.
A low quiz score now tells you exactly what to reread.
The exact names
As Microsoft prints them — the exam and the marker both expect these, letter for letter.
consumption-based model
concept
Pay for the IT resources you use, and nothing more.
Up-front spending on physical infrastructure such as servers.
OpEx
Ongoing spending on services. Cloud computing is classified as OpEx.
Eviction
Azure removing a Spot VM because it needs the capacity back.
Estimate
A collection of products in the pricing calculator, similar to a shopping cart.
Self-Check — Before You Submit
1. A logistics firm runs its routing database on the same VM size in one region around the clock and expects to for three years. Which option discounts that specific resource?
A. Azure Spot Virtual Machines
B. Pay-as-you-go
C. Azure Functions
D. Azure Reservations
D. Azure Reservations — Reservations tie a discount to a specific resource, size and region and suit steady use. Spot is tempting on price, but a live database cannot risk eviction.
2. Why does Learn classify cloud computing as an operational expense?
A. You pay for cloud services as you consume them
B. Cloud servers are leased for three years
C. The provider buys hardware for you and invoices once
D. Cloud services cannot be budgeted
A. You pay for cloud services as you consume them — Learn says that because you pay for cloud services as you consume them, cloud computing is an operational expense rather than up-front capital spending.
3. Which statement about serverless computing is correct?
A. No servers are involved at all
B. You manage the VMs but not the operating system
C. You don't manage servers; events trigger code and you pay for what runs
D. It requires a three-year commitment
C. You don't manage servers; events trigger code and you pay for what runs — Serverless removes the need to manage servers, not the servers themselves. Learn says Azure Functions runs when triggered and charges only for CPU time used.
Today’s Assignment
Compare the cost of one real workload under two Azure pricing models using the Azure pricing calculator, and recommend one.
Describe a workload at an organisation you know that could run on a virtual machine: what it does, when it runs, and whether it can tolerate interruption.
Estimate it in the Azure pricing calculator twice: once at pay-as-you-go, and once with Azure Reservations or a Savings plan for compute, if offered. Record the settings and figures exactly as shown, with the date.
Explain the difference and what the organisation would commit to. Say whether Azure Spot Virtual Machines would suit the workload, using Learn's description of eviction.
Recommend an option, give one risk, and explain in two sentences how the consumption-based model applies. Write 300–700 words using the exact names, and do not invent any figures.
Evidence to include
Screenshots of both calculator configurations, showing settings, totals and the date.
The exported Excel file or the share link.
Track A: the Budgets screenshot. Track B: the public pricing page screenshot.
Names your answer must use exactly Azure pricing calculatorpay-as-you-goAzure ReservationsSavings plan for computeAzure Spot Virtual Machinesconsumption-based model
Track B Track B students run the same comparison in the public calculator without logging in, and submit the pricing page screenshot instead of the Budgets screenshot.
How this is marked — the rubric
Both estimates use the same configuration, are recorded accurately, and the difference is explained correctly
35
The recommendation and the Spot judgement follow from the workload's pattern and tolerance for interruption
25
Uses the exact names from the names box, spelled and capitalised as Microsoft prints them
20
Evidence: the screenshots show both configurations and totals, with the export or link attached
20
Total · pass mark 70
100
Submitting session 3 Write your answer in Word or Google Docs, with your screenshots pasted in. The top of the document must carry the line Session: 3 (the template has it ready, under the Course line), or the submission is refused. Upload the Word file (.docx), or switch to the Google Doc tab and paste your document’s share link.
Marked against the rubric above and returned as a written letter by email; the mark appears on your progress page. Do the self-check above before you submit.
ASSESSMENT NOW OPEN
Pop Quiz 1 — Cloud Basics opens now. Sit it before the next session. It is how you find out what has stuck, and practice papers may be resat as often as you like.
Describe the benefits of high availability and scalability in the cloud
Describe the benefits of reliability and predictability in the cloud
Describe the benefits of security and governance in the cloud
Describe the benefits of manageability in the cloud
Why This Matters
Organisations move to the cloud for the benefits you study today: staying up, scaling with demand, recovering from failure, predictable performance and cost, security and governance, and easier management. The exam groups these benefits in a set way and expects Microsoft's vocabulary. Scaling up is not scaling out, and management of the cloud is not management in the cloud. I have watched strong candidates confuse those pairs under time pressure. At work, these are the words you use to justify a cloud decision, so give each one a real example.
IN YOUR SUBSCRIPTION
Creates
Track A only: a resource group with an App Service plan on the Free F1 pricing plan and one App Service web app.
Cost
Learn says that, except for the Free tier, an App Service plan carries a charge. Confirm the plan shows Free F1 before you create it. For any other plan, check the pricing calculator first.
Clean-up
Open the app's resource group, select Delete resource group, type its name, and select Delete.
The 30-Minute Session
0:00 – 6:00
High availability and SLAs
High availability means keeping resources available as much as possible, whatever disruptions occur, like a hospital emergency department that never closes.
Learn says Azure's uptime guarantees vary by service and are set out in the service-level agreements (SLAs). Learn's guide calls an SLA a contractual commitment with defined consequences for unmet targets. Those consequences are usually service credits, typically a percentage of the monthly fee, and providers don't usually apply them automatically.
The same guide says a single-instance deployment might have a lower SLA than a multiple-instance one. Microsoft publishes its SLA documents, covering Azure among other services, through the SLAs for online services page that Learn links to.
THE EXAM LINE
Azure's availability guarantees are in its SLAs, which vary by service and deployment. When a target is missed, the usual compensation is service credits.
Never quote an SLA figure from memory. Look it up for the service you use.
6:00 – 12:00
Scalability: vertical and horizontal
Scalability is the ability to adjust resources to meet demand. On a consumption-based model, scaling down also cuts cost.
Aspect
Vertical scaling
Horizontal scaling
What changes
A resource's capabilities
The number of resources
Up or out
Scale up: add CPUs or RAM
Scale out: add VMs or containers
Down or in
Scale down: reduce CPU or RAM
Scale in: remove resources
In App Service
Change the plan's pricing tier
Add VM instances running the app
THE EXAM LINE
Vertical scaling changes a resource's capabilities (up or down). Horizontal scaling changes the number of resources (out or in), automatically or manually.
Learn adds that in the Free and Shared App Service tiers, an app can't scale out. Track A will see this shortly.
Up and down change the size; out and in change the count.
12:00 – 18:00
Reliability and predictability
Reliability is the ability of a system to recover from failures and continue to function. It is a pillar of the Microsoft Azure Well-Architected Framework. Because resources run in regions worldwide, other regions keep running if one suffers a catastrophic event.
Predictability has two sides. Performance predictability is supported by autoscaling, load balancing and high availability. Cost predictability comes from tracking use in real time, analysing trends, and estimating with the pricing calculator.
An illustrative example: a logistics firm's tracking site autoscales at month end (performance), while finance compares spend with a budget (cost).
Reliability is about recovering; availability is about staying up.
18:00 – 26:00
Security, governance, manageability, then hands-on
Security and governance: templates help resources meet your standards and regulations, cloud-based auditing flags anything out of compliance, and patches may be applied automatically. IaaS gives the most security control, while PaaS or SaaS can take patching off your hands. Providers are typically well suited to handling distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks.
Management of the cloud covers autoscaling, template deployment, health monitoring with replacement of failing resources, and metric alerts. Management in the cloud is how you do it: a web portal, a command line interface, APIs or PowerShell.
THE EXAM LINE
Management of the cloud is what you do to resources: autoscale, deploy templates, monitor, alert. Management in the cloud is how: portal, command line, APIs, PowerShell.
TRACK A · YOUR AZURE ACCOUNT
From Learn's How to read a service-level agreement (SLA), open the SLAs for online services and screenshot one Azure service's section.
Follow Learn's App Service quickstart in the portal: Create new for the resource group and plan, then choose Free F1 under Pricing plan. Check it, then select Review + create and Create.
In the app, open Scale up and view the tiers without selecting one. Then open the scale-out page, which Learn labels Scale-out (App Service plan). Screenshot both, then follow the lab clean-up.
TRACK B · NO PAYMENT CARD
From Learn's How to read a service-level agreement (SLA), open the SLAs for online services and screenshot them with the address visible.
Read Learn's Scale up an app in Azure App Service and Azure App Service plans pages, noting which tiers can't scale out. You are reading about what Track A sees, not doing it.
A screenshot of the Scale up page tells me more than a paragraph about it.
26:00 – 30:00
Wrap-up and your assignment
Write down a line on each benefit, the vertical and horizontal scaling pair, and the of and in management pair.
Track A: check Resource groups to confirm today's group has gone. Delete what you create, every time.
Your assignment maps each benefit to a system you really use. If a benefit is not visible, say so and explain why; that scores better than a stretched example.
One real example per benefit beats three vague ones.
The exact names
As Microsoft prints them — the exam and the marker both expect these, letter for letter.
Changing one resource's capabilities, such as CPU or RAM.
Scale out or in
Changing the number of resources, such as VMs.
Service credit
SLA compensation for a missed target, typically a share of the monthly fee.
Cloud-based auditing
Flagging resources that fall outside your compliance baseline.
Self-Check — Before You Submit
1. An online retailer's web tier is overwhelmed every payday. The team adds virtual machines for the rush and removes them afterwards. What is this?
A. Vertical scaling
B. Horizontal scaling
C. High availability
D. Management in the cloud
B. Horizontal scaling — Adding and removing virtual machines changes the number of resources, which is horizontal scaling. Vertical scaling changes one resource's CPU or RAM instead.
2. Which is an example of management in the cloud, as Learn defines it?
A. Automatically replacing failing resources
B. Deploying from a preconfigured template
C. Managing resources through a command line interface
D. Alerts based on configured metrics
C. Managing resources through a command line interface — Management in the cloud is how you manage: portal, command line, APIs or PowerShell. The other options are Learn's examples of management of the cloud.
3. How does Learn define reliability?
A. Adjusting resources to meet demand
B. Forecasting cloud spend
C. Contracted uptime
D. The ability of a system to recover from failures and continue to function
D. The ability of a system to recover from failures and continue to function — Learn defines reliability as recovering from failures and continuing to function. Adjusting to demand is scalability, and contracted uptime belongs to the SLA.
Today’s Assignment
Map each cloud benefit in this session to one concrete example from systems you use at an organisation you know.
Pick one to three cloud systems you know well, such as email, a booking site or a finance tool, and describe each briefly.
Give one example for each benefit: high availability; scalability, stating whether it is vertical scaling or horizontal scaling; reliability; predictability, stating whether it concerns performance or cost; security and governance; and manageability, stating whether it is management of or in the cloud.
For high availability, quote what the service-level agreements (SLAs) commit to for a service the system uses, or a comparable Azure service, and what happens if a target is missed.
Where a benefit isn't visible, say so. Finish with the benefit that matters most to that organisation. Write 300–700 words, using the exact names.
Evidence to include
A screenshot of the SLA section you quote.
Track A: screenshots of the Scale up and scale-out pages and of the deletion. Track B: screenshots of the two Learn pages with their addresses visible.
Names your answer must use exactly high availabilityscalabilityvertical scalinghorizontal scalingreliabilitypredictabilityservice-level agreements (SLAs)
Track B Track B students do the same mapping, read the SLA from the public SLAs for online services, and submit the Learn page screenshots instead of the portal ones.
How this is marked — the rubric
Each benefit has a concrete example, correctly classified as vertical or horizontal and of or in
35
The SLA is quoted accurately and interpreted correctly
20
Uses the exact names from the names box, spelled and capitalised as Microsoft prints them
20
Evidence: the screenshots show the SLA, plus the scaling pages and deletion (A) or the Learn pages (B)
25
Total · pass mark 70
100
Submitting session 4 Write your answer in Word or Google Docs, with your screenshots pasted in. The top of the document must carry the line Session: 4 (the template has it ready, under the Course line), or the submission is refused. Upload the Word file (.docx), or switch to the Google Doc tab and paste your document’s share link.
Marked against the rubric above and returned as a written letter by email; the mark appears on your progress page. Do the self-check above before you submit.
Skills Covered
High availability and SLAsVertical vs horizontalReliability, predictabilitySecurity and governanceManagement of vs in
Identify appropriate use cases for each cloud service type (IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS)
Why This Matters
IaaS, PaaS and SaaS run through the whole exam. Every service you meet later belongs to one of the three, and the type tells you who patches what. Microsoft tests them through use cases: a lift-and-shift migration, developers who want no servers to look after, a department that just needs email. Today you learn the three types as Learn defines them, look at what creating each involves, and practise choosing between them. This session closes Week 1 and opens your first full practice paper, so it also pulls the week together.
The 30-Minute Session
0:00 – 6:00
Infrastructure as a service
An analogy for the whole session: IaaS is renting an empty kitchen, PaaS is renting a kitchen someone else keeps running while you cook, and SaaS is ordering the meal.
Learn calls infrastructure as a service (IaaS) the most flexible category, giving you the most control. The provider maintains the hardware, internet connectivity and physical security. You handle the rest: the operating system, network configuration, and database and storage configuration. In effect, you are renting hardware in a cloud datacenter.
Learn's scenarios are Lift-and-shift migration, where you move workloads to cloud resources set up like your datacenter, and Testing and development, where you replicate configurations quickly while keeping full control. Microsoft's example is Azure Virtual Machines.
THE EXAM LINE
IaaS gives the most control and the most responsibility, including the operating system. Lift-and-shift migration is the signature IaaS use case.
"Move it as it is" in a scenario points to IaaS.
6:00 – 12:00
Platform as a service
Learn describes platform as a service (PaaS) as a middle ground between renting datacenter space and buying a complete, deployed solution. The provider also maintains the operating systems, middleware, development tools and analytics services, so you don't license or patch operating systems and databases. You focus on your code, data and access controls.
Learn's scenarios are Development framework, where you build on provided components with scalability and high availability included, and Analytics or business intelligence, where you analyse data with tools provided as a service.
Microsoft's examples include Azure App Service, which its product page calls a fully managed platform as a service, along with Azure Functions and Azure SQL Database. A web app runs on an App Service plan.
THE EXAM LINE
In PaaS, the provider runs the operating system, middleware and development tools. You manage your application, data and access.
If the team wants to write code rather than look after servers, the answer is PaaS.
12:00 – 17:00
Software as a service
Learn calls software as a service (SaaS) the most complete model from a product perspective: you rent or use a fully developed application, such as email, financial software or messaging.
SaaS may be the least flexible model, but it is the easiest to get running. The provider manages almost the whole stack, and you manage your data, identity and access settings, and device access posture. Microsoft's examples are Microsoft 365 and Dynamics 365.
Trap: SaaS does not remove every responsibility. As Session 1 showed, your data, devices and identities are still yours.
If nobody in the scenario writes code or manages servers, it is SaaS.
17:00 – 26:00
Choosing a type, with the create flows in view
Question
IaaS
PaaS
SaaS
Who manages the OS?
You
Provider
Provider
You mainly manage
OS, network, storage and database configuration
Code, data, access
Data, identity and access, devices
Learn's use cases
Lift-and-shift; testing and development
Development framework; analytics
Email, productivity, finance
Example
Azure Virtual Machines
Azure App Service
Microsoft 365
TRACK A · YOUR AZURE ACCOUNT
Open Virtual machines, then select Create and Virtual machine. Note the decisions you would own: Image, Administrator account and Inbound port rules. Screenshot the page and close it without selecting Review + create.
Open the web app create page from Session 4. Note the decisions here: runtime stack, operating system, region and pricing plan. Which decisions have moved to Microsoft? Screenshot it and close it.
If you use Microsoft 365, list what you manage (data, access, devices) and what you never touch.
TRACK B · NO PAYMENT CARD
Open the public product pages for Azure Virtual Machines and Azure App Service, and Microsoft's Shared responsibility in the cloud page.
Compare the decisions in Learn's Windows virtual machine portal quickstart and its Node.js web app quickstart. Screenshot one step from each. You are reading these flows, not running them.
Illustrative practice: a manufacturer moving an old server unchanged needs IaaS. Bank developers building a portal without managing servers need PaaS. An agency needing staff email next month needs SaaS.
THE EXAM LINE
Lift-and-shift and dev/test suggest IaaS; development frameworks and analytics suggest PaaS; email and productivity tools suggest SaaS.
Choose the type that leaves the customer least to manage while still meeting every requirement.
26:00 – 30:00
Wrap-up, Practice Exam 1 and your assignment
Write down the three definitions, with Learn's use cases and one Microsoft example for each.
Week 1 is complete. Practice Exam 1 opens now: fifteen questions in eighteen minutes on Sessions 1 to 5. Sit it closed book and note every question you hesitate on. The pass mark is 70.
Your assignment asks you to defend a service type for four scenarios, and at least one should not be obvious.
Treat the practice exam as information, not a verdict.
The exact names
As Microsoft prints them — the exam and the marker both expect these, letter for letter.
infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
concept
You manage VMs, operating systems and applications.
Moving workloads to the cloud without redesigning them.
Middleware
Software between the operating system and applications; the provider maintains it in PaaS.
Device access posture
Control over which devices can reach a SaaS app and how they are protected.
Runtime stack
The language and version a web app runs on.
Self-Check — Before You Submit
1. A manufacturer must move a legacy stock application to Azure unchanged within a month and wants full control of the operating system. Which type fits?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. Serverless
C. IaaS — Learn names lift-and-shift migration as an IaaS scenario, and under IaaS you manage the operating system. PaaS is tempting, but there the provider manages the OS.
2. Under PaaS, which does the cloud provider maintain?
A. The operating system and middleware
B. The application code
C. Which users have access
D. The data you store
A. The operating system and middleware — Learn says that under PaaS the provider maintains operating systems, middleware and development tools. Code, data and access controls stay with the customer.
3. Which statement about SaaS matches Learn?
A. It is the most flexible type
B. It may be the least flexible, but it is the easiest to get running
C. You patch the operating system
D. It removes all responsibility for data
B. It may be the least flexible, but it is the easiest to get running — Learn says SaaS may be the least flexible but is the easiest to get running. IaaS is the most flexible, and data always stays the customer's responsibility.
Today’s Assignment
Choose and defend a cloud service type for four real scenarios at an organisation you know.
Describe four IT needs at an organisation you know, including at least one existing system and one new requirement.
For each, choose infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) or software as a service (SaaS), and name a fitting example such as Azure Virtual Machines, Azure App Service or Microsoft 365.
Defend each choice in four to six sentences: the Learn use case it matches, what the organisation still manages, and why the other types fit less well.
Explain your closest call and what would change it. Write 300–700 words, using the exact names.
Evidence to include
Track A: screenshots of the VM and web app create pages, and of your Resource groups list afterwards.
Track B: screenshots of the Learn quickstart steps and product pages, with the addresses visible.
Both tracks: a summary table of each scenario, type, example and use case.
Names your answer must use exactly infrastructure as a service (IaaS)platform as a service (PaaS)software as a service (SaaS)Azure Virtual MachinesAzure App ServiceMicrosoft 365
Track B Track B students make the same choices using the public product pages, Learn's quickstarts and the shared responsibility page, and submit screenshots of those pages.
How this is marked — the rubric
Each scenario is matched to the type that best fits Learn's definitions and use cases
35
Each defence states what the customer still manages and why the alternatives fit less well
25
Uses the exact names from the names box, spelled and capitalised as Microsoft prints them
20
Evidence: the screenshots and summary table are present and match the track
20
Total · pass mark 70
100
Submitting session 5 Write your answer in Word or Google Docs, with your screenshots pasted in. The top of the document must carry the line Session: 5 (the template has it ready, under the Course line), or the submission is refused. Upload the Word file (.docx), or switch to the Google Doc tab and paste your document’s share link.
Marked against the rubric above and returned as a written letter by email; the mark appears on your progress page. Do the self-check above before you submit.
ASSESSMENT NOW OPEN
Practice Exam 1 — Cloud Concepts opens now. Sit it before the next session. It is how you find out what has stuck, and practice papers may be resat as often as you like.